As America navigates a loneliness epidemic, increasing polarization, and the isolation of a digital-first world, Main Street businesses are evolving into a new role as intentional connectors of people and community. For decades, our downtown and neighborhood business districts have provided public spaces for civic life and engagement, including holiday parades, town hall meetings, and events in the local park.
Main Streets are core civic infrastructure, typically defined as the places, policies, programs, and practices that support strong communities and foster civic engagement. Traditional forms include schools, parks, and libraries, as well as the systems, processes, and social connections that enable people to participate in civic life. Main Street small businesses represent a new emerging force in civic infrastructure that creates greater opportunities for enhancing civic life.
The Role of Small Businesses
Over the past 20 years, private businesses have added to civic character. Cafés, barber shops, and even breweries offer third place — passive connections away from home and work. Today, we are in the midst of an evolution. We are seeing greater cohesion between our commercial, civic, and social life, with many Main Street businesses becoming what I call Plug-In Spaces.
A Plug-In Space is a small business that, through user evolution or with business model intent, promotes civic and social engagement that fosters a sense of belonging, micro-community formation, and local civic resilience. While Robert Putnam’s Bowling Alone still looms large, chronicling the decline of civic associations and social capital, more recent media stories have begun to capture glimpses of the void being filled by Plug-In Spaces:
- In The Atlantic, Derek Thompson described how America is suffering from the loss of the “middle layers” of society — spaces between the family and federal, where we build social trust.
- In The Wall Street Journal’s travel section, Vermont’s hardware stores are now celebrated as tourists and local hotspots where you can find just the right-sized bolt, grab a pizza and beer, and swap stories with a cadre of local and visiting characters.
- In The Daily Yonder, the closure of rural Dairy Queens is framed not just as an economic loss, but as a blow to social infrastructure.
In a post-pandemic, hybrid work world, many third places have become quieter. Some of this was due to the disappearance of time and place between home and work. In a remote and digital-first landscape, there is less need for traditional third places. But Plug-In Spaces along our Main Streets are excelling by taking the opposite approach. They are programming and designing a community, not passively waiting for it to happen.
What makes a small business a Plug-In Space?
Intentionality: Events, meetups, and gatherings are designed to connect people by tackling complex macro subjects or exploring local happenings. They are programmed with activities that spark conversation around common or divergent interests and opinions, serving as a first step toward gaining understanding and a sense of belonging. As such, Plug-In Spaces are pretty different from the more traditionally passive Third Spaces.
In downtown Biddeford, Maine, Elements: Books, Coffee, and Beer layers its cozy third space environment with deliberate programming that fosters connection. From book clubs and trivia nights to storytelling events that welcome and cultivate understanding of “New Mainers” (recent immigrants to the state).
Designed for Connection: The physical space becomes central to encouraging dialogue, sharing culture, and fostering accidental collisions. Plug-In Spaces are creatively designed to integrate both private commerce and public activities.
House of Jane in Madison, Indiana, is part barbershop, part art gallery, and part music venue, all in the same space. On live music nights, the owner, who’s also a pianist, performs for customers. It’s a soulful reinvention of a traditional service business into a space for cultural exchange and community gathering.