Plug-In Spaces - How Main Street Businesses Are Rewiring Civic Life | Main Street America
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Marion, Iowa © Tasha Sams

About

We work in collaboration with thousands of local partners and grassroots leaders across the nation who share our commitment to advancing shared prosperity, creating resilient economies, and improving quality of life.

Overview Who We Are How We Work Partner Collaborations Our Supporters Our Team Job Opportunities 2024 Annual Report Contact Us
Two community members in Emporia Kansas pose with a sign saying "I'm a Main Streeter"

Emporia, Kansas © Emporia Main Street

Our Network

Made up of small towns, mid-sized communities, and urban commercial districts, the thousands of organizations, individuals, volunteers, and local leaders that make up Main Street America™ represent the broad diversity that makes this country so unique.

Overview Coordinating Programs Main Street Communities Collective Impact Awards & Recognition Community Evaluation Framework Join the Movement
Dionne Baux and MSA partner working in Bronzeville, Chicago.

Chicago, Illinois © Main Street America

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Looking for strategies and tools to support you in your work? Delve into the Main Street Resource Center and explore a wide range of resources including our extensive Knowledge Hub, professional development opportunities, field service offerings, advocacy support, and more!

Overview Knowledge Hub Field Services Government Relations Main Street Now Conference Main Street America Academy Funding Opportunities Small Business Support Allied Member Services The Point Main Street Insurance Members Area
People riding e-scooters in Waterloo, Iowa

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Two people sitting at a table drinking coffee inside a clothing store

Plug-in spaces promote community and connection. Photo by SeventyFour.

As America navigates a loneliness epidemic, increasing polarization, and the isolation of a digital-first world, Main Street businesses are evolving into a new role as intentional connectors of people and community. For decades, our downtown and neighborhood business districts have provided public spaces for civic life and engagement, including holiday parades, town hall meetings, and events in the local park. 

Main Streets are core civic infrastructure, typically defined as the places, policies, programs, and practices that support strong communities and foster civic engagement. Traditional forms include schools, parks, and libraries, as well as the systems, processes, and social connections that enable people to participate in civic life. Main Street small businesses represent a new emerging force in civic infrastructure that creates greater opportunities for enhancing civic life. 

The Role of Small Businesses

Over the past 20 years, private businesses have added to civic character. Cafés, barber shops, and even breweries offer third place — passive connections away from home and work. Today, we are in the midst of an evolution. We are seeing greater cohesion between our commercial, civic, and social life, with many Main Street businesses becoming what I call Plug-In Spaces.

A Plug-In Space is a small business that, through user evolution or with business model intent, promotes civic and social engagement that fosters a sense of belonging, micro-community formation, and local civic resilience. While Robert Putnam’s Bowling Alone still looms large, chronicling the decline of civic associations and social capital, more recent media stories have begun to capture glimpses of the void being filled by Plug-In Spaces:

  • In The Atlantic, Derek Thompson described how America is suffering from the loss of the middle layers” of society — spaces between the family and federal, where we build social trust.
  • In The Wall Street Journal’s travel section, Vermont’s hardware stores are now celebrated as tourists and local hotspots where you can find just the right-sized bolt, grab a pizza and beer, and swap stories with a cadre of local and visiting characters.
  • In The Daily Yonder, the closure of rural Dairy Queens is framed not just as an economic loss, but as a blow to social infrastructure.

In a post-pandemic, hybrid work world, many third places have become quieter. Some of this was due to the disappearance of time and place between home and work. In a remote and digital-first landscape, there is less need for traditional third places. But Plug-In Spaces along our Main Streets are excelling by taking the opposite approach. They are programming and designing a community, not passively waiting for it to happen.

What makes a small business a Plug-In Space?

Intentionality: Events, meetups, and gatherings are designed to connect people by tackling complex macro subjects or exploring local happenings. They are programmed with activities that spark conversation around common or divergent interests and opinions, serving as a first step toward gaining understanding and a sense of belonging. As such, Plug-In Spaces are pretty different from the more traditionally passive Third Spaces. 

In downtown Biddeford, Maine, Elements: Books, Coffee, and Beer layers its cozy third space environment with deliberate programming that fosters connection. From book clubs and trivia nights to storytelling events that welcome and cultivate understanding of New Mainers” (recent immigrants to the state). 

Designed for Connection: The physical space becomes central to encouraging dialogue, sharing culture, and fostering accidental collisions. Plug-In Spaces are creatively designed to integrate both private commerce and public activities.

House of Jane in Madison, Indiana, is part barbershop, part art gallery, and part music venue, all in the same space. On live music nights, the owner, who’s also a pianist, performs for customers. It’s a soulful reinvention of a traditional service business into a space for cultural exchange and community gathering.

A man and woman on a stage performing a musical show

House of Jane uses live music to foster community. Photo courtesy of House of Jane.

Micro-Community Formation: These spaces help people connect with others who share similar interests, values, or experiences related to a specific product or service. Plug-In Spaces help people find their group” through community building. As such, while serving as an anchor point for these micro-communities, interactions between group members move beyond the small business and into closer relationships.

You likely have a hobby or interest that involves a small business as a social hub. Perhaps it’s the uber cool bike shop where you can join the Thursday riding club and debate what’s hotter – gravel or mountain biking? Or downtown Macon, Georgia’s Bohemian Den that offers free weekly meditation sessions among the incense, precious stones and local art. 

Civic Impact: They offer low-stakes, high-value human contact that builds the empathy and trust that are key to addressing the divides that fracture our society and communities. Whether hosting local authors showcasing immigrant narratives or becoming a gathering space during moments of community crisis or celebration, these Plug-In Spaces help make civic life visible, local, and personal.

Small-scale apparel manufacturer New Frontier in Morehead, Kentucky, raised thousands for those impacted by natural disasters by building their #KentuckyStrong moniker as a way to give residents a rally cry to connect and show their civic support for one another in crisis. 

Joshua Ravenscraft wearing a Kentucky Strong sweater while helping with flood clean-up

New Frontier used its Kentucky Strong” brand to build community support. Photo courtesy of Joshua Ravenscraft.

Supporting Plug-In Spaces

Plug-In Spaces blur the lines with civic facilities and mission-driven organizations. They are small businesses along our Main Streets — often family-owned, locally grounded, passionate about their community, durable, and creative. They can be social entrepreneurs, but usually aren’t striving to be defined in any way. They are as crucial to our communities and local economies as great public institutions, such as parks and schools. In essence, their value is far greater than a commercial transaction. You won’t find Plug-In Spaces in a Walmart or on Amazon. They are filling the civic vacuum and stand as a safe place to create dialogue and understanding.

Public policy, philanthropic funding, and local planning must recognize these Main Street businesses for what they truly are: essential social infrastructure. These Plug-In Spaces are reweaving the local fabric and can have a national impact. In an age of disconnection and social dispersion, we need places where we can plug back in.


Downtown Decorations, a Main Street America Allied Member, is this quarter’s Main Spotlight advertiser. For more information about what they do to support Main Street organizations, click here.